¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤«¤é±��¶¤«¤ë

¡Ö¤ï¤��Ñ¤¯¥é¥��Á¡×¸¥Î©Î©°Æ¡¦±ÉÍÜ·×»»¡¦´Æºº»��Á¡¦È¯Ãí¶ÈÌ³¤³¤ì°ìËÜ¤Ë¤¹¤Ù¤Æ1¥Ñ¥Ã¥¯¡ª

¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤«¤é±¶¤«¤ë 2000/07/14

¥Þ¥¹¥³¥ß¤Ì¤¸¤ÆÏ¢Æ®¤µ¤ì¤ë·¯´ØÏ¢¾£»ä¤¿¤Á¤Ï¡¢ÃÎ¤é¤ºÃÎ¤é¤º¤Î¤¦¤Á¤Ë Àµ¤·¤¤È½ÃÇ¤¬¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡©º£²Ï¡¢¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤è¤ê¾å¤²¡¢ ¿©¶µ°é¤ÎÊ¤£°ìÅÙ³ÎÇ§¤·¤Æ¤ß¤¿¤¤¡£

¢£¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à

¤¢¤¤¤«¤ï¤é¤º¤Î·¯¥Ö¡¼¥à¤À¡£Ä¹´ÎÉÔ¶·²¼¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤È¤Ï¤¤¤¨¡¢À¤³¦Åª¤Ë¸«¤ì¤Ð·ÐºÑÅª¤ËË¤«¤Ê¤ï¤¬¹¬¡¢ À¤³¦°ì¤Î¹âÎ½¼Ò²Ë¤Ê¤ê¡¢¤Þ¤¹¤Þ¤¹·¯¥Ö¡¼¥à¤Ï²ÃÇ®¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤À¤í¤¦¡£¤è¤Û¤É¤Î¤³¤È¤¬µ¯¤³¤é¤Ê¤¤¸Â¤ê¡¢¤³¤ì ¤«¤é¿½Ç¯´Ö¡¢»ä¤¿¤ÁÆÜ¿Í¤ÎºÇÂç¤Î´Ø¿´»¬¡Ö·¯¡×¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï´Ö°ã¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£

¥Õ¥¡¥É¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ð¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£Ä¾Ì¹¤ì¤ÐÇ®¶¸Åª¤Ç°ì»ª¤ÊÎ®¹Ô¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤À¡£¿©ÉÊ¤ËÂÐ¤·¤ÆÇ®¶¸Åª¤ÊÎ®¹Ô¤Ë¤È¤é¤ï ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤È¤¤¤¦¡£ ¥¢¥á¥ê¥«±ÉÍÜ»Î¶¨²Ï¡¢¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤Ï¡¢¡Ö¿©ÉÊ¤¬·¯¤äÉÂµ¤¤ËÂÐ¤·¤Æ²áÂç¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤¬¤¢¤ë¤È¿®¤¸¹Þ¤»¤Ê¤¬¤é ¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤ë±ÉÍÜ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¼ÂÁ©¡×¤ÈÄêµÁ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¤³¤ì¤Ë¤ÏÆÃÄê¤Î¿©ÉÊ¤¬ÉÂµ¤¤£¤·¤¿¤ê¡¢¤¢¤ë¿©¤ÙÊª¤¬Í³²¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È¤· ¤Æ½î¤µ¤ì¤¿¤ê¡¢ÆÃÄê¤Î¿©ÉÊ¤¬ÆÈÆÃ¤Î·¯Åª¤ÊÍ×¤â¤¿¤é¤¹¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿ÆÃÄê¤Î¸í«½¤¢º¬µâ¤Ê¤¯²áÂç¤ËÉ¾²Á¤¹¤ë ¤³¤È¤Þ¤Ç¤¤¤ë¡£

ÆÜ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¹â¶¶µ×¿Î»Ò»á¤¬¡Ö¿©¤Ù¤â¤Î¾×¥¦¥½¡¦¥Û¥È¡Ê¹ÖÃÌ¼Ò¡Ë¤Ç¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤ï¤«¤ê¤ä¤¹¤¯¾Ò²·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤ÇÀ§È²¹Í¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤À¤¤¿¤¤¡£

¢£¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤Î·ÐºÑ³Ø

·¯¤Ë´Ø¿´¤¬¹â¤Þ¤ì¤Ð¹â¤Þ¤ë¤Û¤É¡¢¾¯¤·¤Ç¤â¡Ö¤«¤é¤À¤Ë¤¤¤¤¤â¤Î¡×¡Ö¼ã¤µ¤¿¤â¤Ä¤â¤Î¡×¡ÖÈ·¤µ¤¿¤â¤Ä¤â¤Î¡×¤Ê¤É¤Ë ´Ø¤¹¤ë¾á¤á¤Æ¿Í¡¹¤ÏÆ°¤¯¡£¤½¤·¤Æ¡¢¤³¤ÎÄ¹°íˆ¯ÉÔ¶·¤ÈÀ¤³¦°ì¤ÎÃß¹â¡£ ¿Í¡¹¤Ï¤ª¶â¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤«¤é¾ÃÈ·¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¾Íè¤ËÂÐ¤¹¤ëÇ³¤È¤·¤¿ÉÔ°Â¤¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤é¤ª¶â¤È¤ï¤Ê¤¤¤Î ¤À¤È¤è¤¯¤¤¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£¤½¤Î¾ÚµË¡¢ËÜÅË¤Û¤·¤¤¤È»×¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ï¡¢¤à¤·¤íÇí¬¯Åª¤ËÇä¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¥Ó¥¸¥Í¥¹»ï¤Ê¤É ¤Ç¤è¤¯¾Ò²µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£º£¤ÎÆÜ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢·¯»Ö¸«¤éÆÃÄê¤Î·¯¿©ÉÊ¤¬½¸ÃæÅª¤Ê¾ÃÈÎÂÐ¾Ý¤Ë¤Ê¤ë²ÄÇ½À¤¬¹â¤¤¡£ ÆÜ¤Ç¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤¬Ì¢±ä¤¹¤ë¾ï¤Ï´°àú¤Ë¤½¤í¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£

£±£¹£¸£´Ç¯¡¢¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¹ç½°¹¼±¡µÄ²Ï¡Ö·¯¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ëº¾µ½Åª¤Ê¥Ó¥¸¥Í¥¹¤ÏÂç¤¤Ê¥Ó¥¸¥Í¥¹¤ËÀ®Ä¹¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡££²£µÇ¯Á°¡¢ ·¯º¾µ½¤Ï£±¡Ý£²²¯¥É¥ë»Ô¾ì¤È¤¤¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤¬¡¢º£ÆÏ¡¢¤ª¤½¤é¤¯Ç¯´Ö¿½²¯¥É¥ë¤ËÃ£¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¡×¤ÈÊ·¤¿¡£ ÆÜ¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¤É¤¦¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡£¤â¤Á¤í¤¢¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î·¯´ØÏ¢¾¦ÉÊ¤¬º¾µ½Åª¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¿Í¤å¤²¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Æ·¤¤ ¤¬¡¢µ¬À©¤¬¤¢¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢¥¢¥á¥ê¥«ÄÇ¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤â¡¢»¿¤è¤¦¤Ê¾·¤À¤í¤¦¡£½¡¶µ¤Ë¤è¤ëÈï³²¤â²Ã¤¨¤¿¤é¡¢¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¹ç½°¹ñ ¤å²ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£

¦Â¡¼¥«¥í¥Á¥¢¥ª¥ì¥¤¥À¡¢¥É¥³¥µ¥Ø¥¥µ¥¨¥À¡Ê£Ä£È£Á¡Ë¥¯¥í¥ì¥é¡¢Íµ¡ÌîºÚ¡¢ÌµÇÀÌîºÚ¡¢Å·Á³¹ÚÊì¡¢ÍÀºÍ¢¥×¥í¥Ý¥ê¥¹¡¢ ¥ª¥ê¡¼¥Ö¥ª¥¤¥ë¡¢¹½Åü

¤³¤ì¤é¤ÎÊª¼Á¤ä¿©ÉÊ¤Ï¡¢·«¤êÊÖ¤·¥Þ¥¹¥³¥ß¤Ì¤¸¤Æ¡¢¤«¤é¤À¤Ë¤è¤¤¤â¤Î¤È¤·¤Æ¾ÃÈÔ¤Ë¥¢¥Ê¥¦¥¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£²Ê³ØÅª¤Ê´¶¤¸¤¬ ¤¹¤ë¤·¡¢ÂÎ¸³ÃÌ¤¬¾Ò²µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤ê¤·¤Æ¡¢¾ÃÈÔ¤Ï¿®¤¸¹ß¤ä¤¹¤¤¡£

¤Ë;¡Ö²Ê³ØÅª¡×¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¤¬¤æ¤¨¤ËµÕ¤Ë°íˆ¹Þ¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤â¤¢¤ë¡£ºÇ¶á¤Ï¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¿¼ÁØ¿å¤Ï¡¢¿ÀÈëÅª¤Ç¡¢¿ÍÃÒ¤ÎµÚ¤Ð¤Ê¤¤¤È ¤í¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢¤ª¤â¤ï¤ºÌ¥ÎÏ¤¶¤¸¤ë¾¦ÉÊ¤À¡£
BR> µÕ¤ËÉÔÅË·ï¤ì¤ë¿©ÉÊ¤â¤¢¤ë¡£¥°¥é¥Ë¥å¡¼Å¢£Ì¡Ý¥°¥ë¥¿¥ß¥À¥Ê¥È¥ê¥¦¥à¡¢Ãº»À°î²Á¡¢¥³¡¼¥é¤Ê¤É¤Ê¤É¡£

¢£¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤«¤é±¶¤«¤ë¤Ë¤Ï

¤Ï¤Ã¤¤ê¤¤¤¨¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¡¢Ã±ÆÈ¤Ç·¯¤Ý¾ã¤¹¤ë¤¤¤«¤Ê¤ë¿©ÉÊ¤âÂ¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¤·¡¢Ã±ÆÈ¤Ç·¯¤²¤·¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤è¤¦¤Ê¿©ÉÊ¤â¤Ê¤¤¤È ¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤À¡£¤³¤ÎÌÀ²Ê¹Í¤¨¤¬¹¤¬¤é¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ï¾ÃÈÔ¤ÎÌäÂê¤À¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢±ÉÍÜ¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¾¡¤¹¤ëÂ¦¤Ë¤âÌäÂê¤¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤â ¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£¤³¤Î¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Þ¤á¡¢¥Þ¥¹¥³¥ß¤Ê¤É¤Î¾¡¼ÔÂ¦¤Ë¤â¡¢¿·¤·¤¤¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤Ä¤¯¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦²ÄÇ½À¤¬¤¢¤ë¤³ ¤È¤§¼±¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£

¤Þ¤¿¡¢µÕ¤Ë¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î·¯¥¥ã¥Ú¡¼¥ËÂÐ¤·¤Æ¡Ö¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¡×¤È¤·¤ÆÀÚ¤ê¼Î¤Æ¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦»ÑÀª¤â¤è¤¯¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¤¤¤ï¤æ¤ë¡ÖÃÎ¼±¿Í¡×¤¬´Ù¤ê¤ä¤¹¤¤æ«¤À¡£¤¢¤ë¥Æ¥ì¥ÓÈÖÁÈ¤Ç¡¢¿©¶µ°é¤Î½ÅÍ×À¤¢¥Ô¡¼¥ë¤·¤¿¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤¿¤¬¡¢ ¥³¥á¥Æ¡¼¥¿¤¬¡Ö¤³¤¦¤¤¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤Ï¿®ÍÑ¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¡×¤ÈÀÚ¤ê¼Î¤Æ¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£¿©ÉÊ¤Î·¯¤ËÂÐ¤¹¤ë±Æ¶Á¤á¾®É¾²Á¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¡¢ ¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤Î°ì·ÁÂÖ¤À¤È¤¤¤¨¤ë¡£

ÉÔ¹¬¤Ë¤â¡¢¤ï¤¿¤·¤¿¤Á¤Ï¡¢ÀìÌç²È¤Ç¤¢¤ì¡¢°ìÈÌ¾ÃÈÔ¤Ç¤¢¤ì¡¢±ÉÍÜ¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¡¢²¿¤¬²á¾®¤Ç¤â²áÂç¤Ç¤â¤Ê¤¤¤Û¤É¤Û¤É¤Î¾ó ¤Ê¤Î¤«¤½ÃÇ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¿¤¤¤Ø¤·¤¤¾·¤ËÃÖ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£ ¤À¤¬¡¢·¯¤ÊÀ¸³è¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢É¬Í×¤Ê¤³¤È¤Ï¡¢Ã±½ã¤Ç¡¢¤¢¤ê¤¤¿¤ê¤Ç¡¢Ê¿ËÞ¤À¡£

¡Ö¥Ð¥é¥¹¤Î¤È¤ì¤¿±ÉÍÜ¤È¡¢Å¬ÅÙ¤Ê±¿Æ°¤È¡¢µÙÍÜ¡£¤½¤ì¤¬Â§Àµ¤·¤¯·«¤êÊÖ¤¹¤³¤È¡£¡×

¤ï¤«¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤±¤ì¤É¤â¤½¤ì¤¬¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¢¤Ê¤È¤«´ÊÃ±¤Ë·¯¤ê¤ËÆì¤ëÊ¡¤µ¤·¤¿¤¤¤Î¤À¡£

¼Â¤Ï¥é¥¤¥Õ¥¹¥¿¥¤¥ë¤Ñ¤¨¤Ê¤¤¸Â¤ê¡¢·¯¤ê¤ËÆì¤ë¤³¤È¤ÏÆ·¤¤¡£À¸³è½¬´·ÉÂ¤«¤é±¶¤«¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê¥·¥×¥ë¤Ê¥é¥¤¥Õ¥¹¥¿¥¤¥ë¤¬¡¢ ¤½¤â¤½¤â¥Õ¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥Ç¥£¥º¥à¤«¤é±¶¤«¤ê¡¢·¯¤ê¤Ë¤¹¤ë¶áÆ»¤Ê¤Î¤À¡£

»ä¤¿¤Á¤Ï¡¢¾ÃÈÔ¤Îºâ»º¤È·¯¤Ë¤È¤Ã¤Æ¡¢¿©ÉÊ¤È±ÉÍÜ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¸í¤Ã¤¿¾ÏÍ³²¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È¤¹¤ëÎ©¾ì¤È¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£ ¥·¥×¥ë¤ÇÊ¿ËÞ¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤âÍ°ÕµÁ¤Ê¾³¤ì¤«¤é¤âÄ¡¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¤¿¤¤¡£

»²¹Í¡§
Pepper C. Quackery: A $10 Billion Scandal. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1984. Subcommittee on Health And Long-Term Care of the Select Committee on Aging US House of Representatives, publication No. 98-435.

¡¡| Ìá¤ë